In the article When National Security Becomes a Shield for Evading AI Accountability Ashwin Prabu and Marlena Wisniak explain:

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes embedded in state security and surveillance across Europe, the legal safeguards meant to constrain its use are increasingly being left behind. EU member states are turning to AI to automate decision-making, expand surveillance, and consolidate state power. Yet many of these applications, particularly biometric surveillance and algorithmic risk assessments, remain largely unregulated when it comes to national security