Statewatch in the article UN travel surveillance system needs “pause and urgent review”, says Special Rapporteur reports on criticism by UN special rapporteur in a position paper.
Algorithmic travel surveillance systems exist in the EU and elsewhere, e.g. the ‘Passenger Name Record’ (PNR) system and the ‘Advance Passenger Information’ (API) system, and are supposed to identify threatening or risky individuals travelling to the territory of states that deploy these systems.

The Netherlands is mentioned in the article:

In the Netherlands, a court ordered a halt last year to the border police’s practice of using ethnicity as criteria for deciding who to stop and search, while an investigation by Lighthouse Reports found that the authorities were using an algorithm to profile visa applicants prior to their arrival. The criteria used as part of the travel surveillance systems in the Netherlands and elsewhere in the world remain unknown, but the Special Rapporteur notes that it is “particularly problematic from the point of view of human rights compliance” if AI technology is used to process travel data.

Addition 29 April 2024
European Parliament: Air passenger data: clearer rules to increase EU security. The Dutch government recently confirmed it wants the same for other ways of transport, like train and bus.